Wound care is the process of cleaning, treating, and protecting a skin injury while it heals. This care applies to minor cuts and burns, as well as wounds that heal more slowly than expected. Proper wound care keeps a wound clean, limits exposure to dirt and bacteria, and supports the body’s natural healing process. Keeping a few basic supplies on hand allows you to respond promptly when an injury occurs. Here’s information on wound care supplies and when to visit a specialist for a severe or slow-healing wound:
What To Use for Cleaning
Cleaning is the first step for most wounds, but if a burn is severe or a wound is bleeding heavily, seek emergency medical care. Before touching an injured area, wash your hands with soap and water to avoid transferring germs. Then rinse the wound under clean, warm running water to remove dirt and debris. Mild soap, such as unscented hand soap, is suitable for cleaning the skin around the wound. Gently wash the surrounding area without scrubbing the wound itself.
After cleaning, pat the area dry with a clean towel or sterile gauze pad. Rubbing alcohol and hydrogen peroxide are common household products, but they are not recommended for routine wound cleaning. These products often irritate the tissue surrounding a wound, causing more discomfort, and may also affect healthy tissue that supports healing. Warm water and mild soap are a gentler wound care option for everyday care of mild and moderate wounds.
What Ointment To Apply
Once a wound is clean and dry, you may apply a thin layer of topical antibiotic cream or ointment. These over-the-counter products are typically used on minor cuts, scrapes, and shallow burns. An ointment also helps keep the wound moist, which can reduce the chance of a bandage sticking to the skin. Apply a thin layer with a clean cotton swab. Reapply each time you change the bandage, usually once or twice a day, or as directed on the product label.
Topical antibiotics are not necessary for every wound, and petroleum jelly is another option for keeping minor wounds moist. Some people develop skin reactions to certain ingredients, so stop using a product if you notice:
- Redness
- Itching
- A Developing Rash
Deep wounds, puncture wounds, and serious burns should be evaluated by a healthcare provider before any product is applied.
How To Cover Wounds With
Not every wound requires a covering; very small scratches commonly heal well when left uncovered. Wounds in areas that may get dirty or rub against clothing usually benefit from a bandage or dressing. Cover cuts, scrapes, blisters, and burns that break the skin to keep them clean. Keep key medical supplies on hand, including:
- Adhesive Bandages in Several Sizes
- Sterile Nonstick Gauze Pads
- Rolled Gauze
- Medical Tape
- Small Scissors
Small adhesive bandages work well for minor cuts, but larger wounds may need sterile gauze pads secured with medical tape or a rolled gauze wrap. Nonstick pads can help prevent the dressing from pulling at a wound during removal. Change the dressing daily, or whenever it becomes wet or dirty, to support a clean healing environment. Most minor wounds improve within a week or two, but some wounds need professional attention. Slow-healing wounds, which are more common in people with diabetes, poor circulation, or limited mobility, require closer monitoring.
Contact a wound care specialist if a wound doesn’t improve after two weeks, since many wounds can start healing within that time. Watch for wounds that become increasingly red, swollen, or painful, especially if they have drainage or develop an odor. See a specialist promptly if you develop a fever during healing or if your wound was caused by an animal bite or a rusty object. People with diabetes or circulation problems may benefit from an earlier evaluation, even for small wounds.
Get Appropriate Wound Care
A well-stocked supply kit at home makes it easier to clean, treat, and cover minor wounds. Store your supplies in one place where they are easy to reach. Check expiration dates on ointments and sterile items regularly, replacing them as needed. If a wound heals slowly or shows signs of infection, a wound care specialist can evaluate the injury and recommend a treatment plan suited to your needs. To find a specialist, ask your primary care provider for a referral or search online for specialists near you.
